1. A theory of culture which analyzes the interrelatedness and interdependence of patterns and institutions within a cultural complex or social system and which emphasizes the interaction of these forms in the maintenance of sociocultural unity or in meeting biosocial requirements.
2. The theory or practice of achieving cooperation or union between governmental units by gradual integration of economic, social and other functions, rather than immediate political federation. A particular functional system of endeavour delineates itself through transaction patterns and a suitable organizational frame for that system is determined by the needs of the function being formed. The framework is developed and (ideally) modified as the function being fulfilled changes. A multiplicity of forms and levels of organization each reflects a system of transactions which may or may not produce institutions at the world level.